Globally, Uruguay is known to be very socially inclusive. In 2009, laws that allowed adoption for same-sex couples and gender identities to be included on official documents were passed. In 2013, Uruguay legalized same-sex marriage. Currently, limited research is available on the size of the LGBT+ population. Some size estimates have been calculated for men who have sex with men (25,300) and transgender (1,600) populations (UNAIDS, 2019). Research has also indicated thatUruguay is one of the most secular countries in Latin America; about 40% of Uruguayans are unaffiliated with a religion (Pew Research Trust, 2019). However, discrimination against LGBT+ populations may not be directly correlated to religion.Homophobic and transphobic attitudes and discrimination and violence against LGBT+ individuals persist in Uruguay. Limited monitoring mechanisms reduce the availability of data and comprehensive anti-discrimination policies have yet to be passed.
Marriage for Same-Sex Couples
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Civil Unions
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Joint Adoption
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Second Parent Adoption
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Employment Nondiscrimination Laws
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Broad Protections
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Criminalization of Violence
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Ban of Conversion Therapy
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*no constitutional protections
Consensual Same-Sex Acts are Legal?
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Gender
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Max Penalty (Yrs in Prison)
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Brown, C., Contreras, D., & Schmidt, L. (2019). Sexual Orientation and Labor Force Participation: Findings from Chile and Uruguay. Feminist Economics, 25(2), 90-115. doi:10.1080/13545701.2018.1554905
Human Rights Violations Against Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Intersex (LGBTI) People in Uruguay: A Shadow Report. (2013). Retrieved from https://tbinternet.ohchr.org/Treaties/CCPR/Shared%20Documents/URY/INT_CCPR_NGO_URY_15358_E.pdf
Malta, M., Cardoso, R., Montenegro, L., Jesus, J., Seixas, M., Benevides, B., . . . Whetten, K. (2019). Sexual and gender minorities rights in Latin America and the Caribbean: A multi-country evaluation. BMC International Health and Human Rights, 19. doi:10.1186/s12914-019-0217-3
Uruguay: Country report for use in Canadian refugee claims based on persecution on the basis of sexual orientation or gender identity. (2015). Retrieved from https://ihrp.law.utoronto.ca/utfl_file/count/media/Uruguay%20Report-%20Final.pdf
Uruguay: Situation and treatment of sexual minorities, including legislation; state protection and support services (2012 -February 2014). (2014). Retrieved from https://www.refworld.org/docid/54bf66204.html
Villar, F., Serrat, R., de Sao José, J. M., Montero, M., Giuliani, M. F., Carbajal, M., . . . Tirro, V. (2019). Disclosing Lesbian and Gay Male Sexual Orientation in Later Life: Attitudes of Younger and Older Generations in Eight Latin American Countries. Journal of Homosexuality, 66(11), 1546-1569. doi:10.1080/00918369.2018.1503462
Violence against Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Persons in the Americas. (2015). Retrieved from http://www.oas.org/en/iachr/reports/pdfs/ViolenceLGBTIPersons.pdf